md syntax
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title = "My second post"
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date = 2019-11-28
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title = "Markdown: Syntax3"
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date = 2019-11-29
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[taxonomies]
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tags=["Demo","Test"]
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+++
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This is my second blog post.
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* [Overview](./#overview)
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* [Philosophy](./#philosophy)
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* [Inline HTML](./#html)
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* [Automatic Escaping for Special Characters](./#autoescape)
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```markdown
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* [Block Elements](#block)
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* [Paragraphs and Line Breaks](#p)
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* [Headers](#header)
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* [Blockquotes](#blockquote)
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* [Lists](#list)
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* [Code Blocks](#precode)
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* [Horizontal Rules](#hr)
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* [Span Elements](#span)
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* [Links](#link)
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* [Emphasis](#em)
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* [Code](#code)
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* [Images](#img)
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* [Miscellaneous](#misc)
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* [Backslash Escapes](#backslash)
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* [Automatic Links](#autolink)
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```
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**Note:** This document is itself written using Markdown; you
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can [see the source for it by adding '.text' to the URL](/projects/markdown/syntax.text).
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----
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## Overview
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### Philosophy
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Markdown is intended to be as easy-to-read and easy-to-write as is feasible.
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Readability, however, is emphasized above all else. A Markdown-formatted
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document should be publishable as-is, as plain text, without looking
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like it's been marked up with tags or formatting instructions. While
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Markdown's syntax has been influenced by several existing text-to-HTML
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filters -- including [Setext](http://docutils.sourceforge.net/mirror/setext.html), [atx](http://www.aaronsw.com/2002/atx/), [Textile](http://textism.com/tools/textile/), [reStructuredText](http://docutils.sourceforge.net/rst.html),
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[Grutatext](http://www.triptico.com/software/grutatxt.html), and [EtText](http://ettext.taint.org/doc/) -- the single biggest source of
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inspiration for Markdown's syntax is the format of plain text email.
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## Block Elements
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### Paragraphs and Line Breaks
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A paragraph is simply one or more consecutive lines of text, separated
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by one or more blank lines. (A blank line is any line that looks like a
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blank line -- a line containing nothing but spaces or tabs is considered
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blank.) Normal paragraphs should not be indented with spaces or tabs.
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The implication of the "one or more consecutive lines of text" rule is
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that Markdown supports "hard-wrapped" text paragraphs. This differs
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significantly from most other text-to-HTML formatters (including Movable
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Type's "Convert Line Breaks" option) which translate every line break
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character in a paragraph into a `<br />` tag.
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When you *do* want to insert a `<br />` break tag using Markdown, you
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end a line with two or more spaces, then type return.
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### Headers
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Markdown supports two styles of headers, [Setext] [1] and [atx] [2].
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Optionally, you may "close" atx-style headers. This is purely
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cosmetic -- you can use this if you think it looks better. The
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closing hashes don't even need to match the number of hashes
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used to open the header. (The number of opening hashes
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determines the header level.)
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### Blockquotes
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Markdown uses email-style `>` characters for blockquoting. If you're
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familiar with quoting passages of text in an email message, then you
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know how to create a blockquote in Markdown. It looks best if you hard
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wrap the text and put a `>` before every line:
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> This is a blockquote with two paragraphs. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
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> consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aliquam hendrerit mi posuere lectus.
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> Vestibulum enim wisi, viverra nec, fringilla in, laoreet vitae, risus.
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>
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> Donec sit amet nisl. Aliquam semper ipsum sit amet velit. Suspendisse
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> id sem consectetuer libero luctus adipiscing.
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Markdown allows you to be lazy and only put the `>` before the first
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line of a hard-wrapped paragraph:
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> This is a blockquote with two paragraphs. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
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consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aliquam hendrerit mi posuere lectus.
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Vestibulum enim wisi, viverra nec, fringilla in, laoreet vitae, risus.
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> Donec sit amet nisl. Aliquam semper ipsum sit amet velit. Suspendisse
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id sem consectetuer libero luctus adipiscing.
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Blockquotes can be nested (i.e. a blockquote-in-a-blockquote) by
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adding additional levels of `>`:
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> This is the first level of quoting.
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>
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> > This is nested blockquote.
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>
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> Back to the first level.
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Blockquotes can contain other Markdown elements, including headers, lists,
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and code blocks:
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> ## This is a header.
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>
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> 1. This is the first list item.
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> 2. This is the second list item.
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>
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> Here's some example code:
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>
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> return shell_exec("echo $input | $markdown_script");
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Any decent text editor should make email-style quoting easy. For
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example, with BBEdit, you can make a selection and choose Increase
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Quote Level from the Text menu.
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### Lists
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Markdown supports ordered (numbered) and unordered (bulleted) lists.
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Unordered lists use asterisks, pluses, and hyphens -- interchangably
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-- as list markers:
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* Red
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* Green
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* Blue
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is equivalent to:
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+ Red
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+ Green
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+ Blue
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and:
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- Red
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- Green
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- Blue
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Ordered lists use numbers followed by periods:
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1. Bird
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2. McHale
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3. Parish
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It's important to note that the actual numbers you use to mark the
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list have no effect on the HTML output Markdown produces. The HTML
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Markdown produces from the above list is:
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If you instead wrote the list in Markdown like this:
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1. Bird
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1. McHale
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1. Parish
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or even:
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3. Bird
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1. McHale
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8. Parish
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you'd get the exact same HTML output. The point is, if you want to,
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you can use ordinal numbers in your ordered Markdown lists, so that
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the numbers in your source match the numbers in your published HTML.
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But if you want to be lazy, you don't have to.
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To make lists look nice, you can wrap items with hanging indents:
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* Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.
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Aliquam hendrerit mi posuere lectus. Vestibulum enim wisi,
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viverra nec, fringilla in, laoreet vitae, risus.
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* Donec sit amet nisl. Aliquam semper ipsum sit amet velit.
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Suspendisse id sem consectetuer libero luctus adipiscing.
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But if you want to be lazy, you don't have to:
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* Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.
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Aliquam hendrerit mi posuere lectus. Vestibulum enim wisi,
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viverra nec, fringilla in, laoreet vitae, risus.
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* Donec sit amet nisl. Aliquam semper ipsum sit amet velit.
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Suspendisse id sem consectetuer libero luctus adipiscing.
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List items may consist of multiple paragraphs. Each subsequent
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paragraph in a list item must be indented by either 4 spaces
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or one tab:
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1. This is a list item with two paragraphs. Lorem ipsum dolor
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sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aliquam hendrerit
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mi posuere lectus.
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Vestibulum enim wisi, viverra nec, fringilla in, laoreet
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vitae, risus. Donec sit amet nisl. Aliquam semper ipsum
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sit amet velit.
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2. Suspendisse id sem consectetuer libero luctus adipiscing.
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It looks nice if you indent every line of the subsequent
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paragraphs, but here again, Markdown will allow you to be
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lazy:
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* This is a list item with two paragraphs.
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This is the second paragraph in the list item. You're
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only required to indent the first line. Lorem ipsum dolor
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sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.
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* Another item in the same list.
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To put a blockquote within a list item, the blockquote's `>`
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delimiters need to be indented:
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* A list item with a blockquote:
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> This is a blockquote
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> inside a list item.
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To put a code block within a list item, the code block needs
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to be indented *twice* -- 8 spaces or two tabs:
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* A list item with a code block:
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<code goes here>
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### Code Blocks
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Pre-formatted code blocks are used for writing about programming or
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markup source code. Rather than forming normal paragraphs, the lines
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of a code block are interpreted literally. Markdown wraps a code block
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in both `<pre>` and `<code>` tags.
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To produce a code block in Markdown, simply indent every line of the
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block by at least 4 spaces or 1 tab.
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This is a normal paragraph:
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This is a code block.
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Here is an example of AppleScript:
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tell application "Foo"
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beep
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end tell
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A code block continues until it reaches a line that is not indented
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(or the end of the article).
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Within a code block, ampersands (`&`) and angle brackets (`<` and `>`)
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are automatically converted into HTML entities. This makes it very
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easy to include example HTML source code using Markdown -- just paste
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it and indent it, and Markdown will handle the hassle of encoding the
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ampersands and angle brackets. For example, this:
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<div class="footer">
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© 2004 Foo Corporation
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</div>
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Regular Markdown syntax is not processed within code blocks. E.g.,
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asterisks are just literal asterisks within a code block. This means
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it's also easy to use Markdown to write about Markdown's own syntax.
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```
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tell application "Foo"
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beep
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end tell
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```
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## Span Elements
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### Links
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Markdown supports two style of links: *inline* and *reference*.
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In both styles, the link text is delimited by [square brackets].
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To create an inline link, use a set of regular parentheses immediately
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after the link text's closing square bracket. Inside the parentheses,
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put the URL where you want the link to point, along with an *optional*
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title for the link, surrounded in quotes. For example:
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This is [an example](http://example.com/) inline link.
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[This link](http://example.net/) has no title attribute.
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### Emphasis
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Markdown treats asterisks (`*`) and underscores (`_`) as indicators of
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emphasis. Text wrapped with one `*` or `_` will be wrapped with an
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HTML `<em>` tag; double `*`'s or `_`'s will be wrapped with an HTML
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`<strong>` tag. E.g., this input:
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*single asterisks*
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_single underscores_
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**double asterisks**
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__double underscores__
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### Code
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To indicate a span of code, wrap it with backtick quotes (`` ` ``).
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Unlike a pre-formatted code block, a code span indicates code within a
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normal paragraph. For example:
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Use the `printf()` function.
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